Energy Conservation ppt

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 Energy Conservation





Energy

Energy can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. It can only be converted from one form to another.
Example :
Room heater, electrical energy is converted into 
thermal energy.


Types of Energy

  • Renewable energy
  • Non-renewable energy

Renewable Energy

Renewable energy can be generated continuously practically without dacay of source.
Example:
Solar
Geothermal
Wind
Hydro 
Tidal

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be converted into electrical energy by using solar panels.
Example : Solar cooker, Solar heater



Advantages :

  • Solar energy doesn’t produce carbon dioxide
  • It have minimal impact on environment
Disadvantages :
  • It is not constant, it depends on weather condition, time and location


Wind Energy

    Wind energy generated by wind turbines is mainly used to generate electricity. India is world’s fifth largest producer of electricity generation in this area.



Advantages :

  • Wind turbines (often called windmills) do not release emissions that pollute the air or water.
Disadvantages :
  • Installation and maintenance cost is very high.
  • Only few places are there in world where wind 
  • blow continuously throughout the year.


Geothermal Energy

Geothermal energy is heat from within the Earth. We can recover this heat as steam or hot water and use it to heat buildings or generate electricity.
Example : Hot springs



Advantages :

  •  Carbon dioxide emission levels are very low .
  •  They release less than 1% of the carbon dioxide.
Disadvantages :
  •  Installation cost is very high.
  •  Release various kind of harmful gases.

Hydro Energy

Hydro energy is generally generated from running water using various mechanical methods.
Example : Dams


Advantages :

  • Produces very less amount of carbon dioxide.
  • It is also being used to control flood and for irrigation purpose.
Disadvantages :
  • Natural environment is destroyed.


Tidal Energy

The energy contained in ocean waves can potentially provide an unlimited source of renewable energy.
 Ocean waves are created by the interaction of wind with the surface of the sea.

Advantages :

  • It doesn’t produce greenhouse gases and its life is very long.
  • It’s efficiency is around 80%. It doesn’t require any kind of fuel to run.

Disadvantages :
  • Cost of construction of tidal power plant is high.



Non-Renewable Energy

Non-Renewable energy can’t be generated again and again form the same source.

Example:
Petroleum products ( kerosene, petrol, diesel, etc )
Coal 
Uranium 


Coal

  •  Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock composed mostly of carbon and hydrocarbons.
  •  For millions of years, a layer of dead plants at the bottom of the swamps was covered by layers of water and dirt, trapping the energy of the dead plants.
  •  The heat and pressure from the top layers helped the plant remains turns into what we today call coal.


Disadvantages:

  •  Responsible for 57%  of carbon dioxide in the air.


Uranium 

Nuclear energy is energy in the nucleus ( core ) of an uranium-235 atom. Atoms are tiny particles that  make up every object in the universe.
It can be released from atoms in two ways:
 nuclear fusion and nuclear fission 


 

Advantages :
 Even a small amount can release enough energy to light-up thousand of energy for months. ( 1kg uranium-235 corresponds to 2.7 million kg coal equivalent )

Disadvantages : 
 After using it in nuclear reactor then also it
radioactive substances is very dangerous for 
human.


Energy Conservation

  • Energy conservation refers to efforts made to reduce energy consumption.
  • Energy conservation can be achieved through increased efficient energy use or reduced consumption from non-renewable energy sources.
  • Energy conservation is often the most economical solution to energy shortages.

Why to conserve ?

  • We have limited fuels available  on earth.
  • Our demand for energy is increasing day to day.
  • It is possible that someday, most of fuels will be exhausted and we will have to switch  to alternate energy. 

What we can do ?

  • Always switch off light and fans while going out of room.
  • We should not open fridge frequently.
  • While going to purchase new product  eg. Television, AC, etc. insist for ratings ranging from 4 to 5.
  • Increase everyone’s understanding of the benefits of energy efficiency.

Do you know that :

  • 1 recycled tin would save enough energy to power a television for 3 hours.
  • 1 recycled glass bottle would save enough energy to power a computer for 25 minutes.
  • 1 recycled plastic bottle would save enough energy to power a 60-watt light bulb for 3 hours.
  • 70%  less energy is required to recycle paper compared with making it from raw materials.

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