PK Tech

 Robotics What is a Robot ?? A re-programmable, multifunction, automatic industrial machine designed to replace human in hazardous work. It can be used as : An automatic machine sweeper  An automatic car for a child to play with  It is also used as in space, military, and many more.  What is Robotics need ? Robotics is science of designing or building an application of robots. Simply, Robotics may be defines as “The study of Robots”. The aim of robotics is to design an efficient robot. Why is robotics needed ?? Robotics is needed because: Speed Can work in hazardous\dangerous temperatures Can do repetitive task Can work with accuracy Robotic History First use of the word “robotics” Three laws of Robotics The first robot “unimate” First use of the word “robotics” The word “robotics”, used to describe this field of study, was coined accidentally by the Russian-born, American scientist and science fiction writer, Isaac Asimov(1920-1992) in 1940s. Three Laws of Robot...

 Energy Conservation Energy Energy can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. It can only be converted from one form to another. Example : Room heater, electrical energy is converted into  thermal energy. Types of Energy Renewable energy Non-renewable energy Renewable Energy Renewable energy can be generated continuously practically without dacay of source. Example: Solar Geothermal Wind Hydro  Tidal Solar Energy Solar energy can be converted into electrical energy by using solar panels. Example : Solar cooker, Solar heater Advantages : Solar energy doesn’t produce carbon dioxide It have minimal impact on environment Disadvantages : It is not constant, it depends on weather condition, time and location Wind Energy      Wind energy generated by wind turbines is mainly used to generate electricity. India is world’s fifth largest producer of electricity generation in this area. Advantages : Wind turbines (often called windmills) do not release emi...

  Radioactive Pollution What is Radioactive Pollution ?            Radioactive pollution can be defined as the emission of high energy particles or radioactive substance into air, water and land due to human activities in the form of radioactive waste. Sources of Radiation Natural sources of radiation Manmade sources of radiation Natural sources of radiation Radioactive Minerals  Cosmic Rays Radio nuclides Manmade sources of radiation Nuclear Power Plants Radio-active wastes Nuclear Explosion Radio-isotopes Television Set Types of pollution Continuous pollution  Accidental pollution Occasional pollution Causes Production of nuclear weapons Decommissioning of nuclear weapons Mining of radioactive ore Coal ash Medical waste Nuclear power plants Effects on humans Skin irritation to death depending on how much radiation is exposed to the body, what parts of the body are exposed and how strong the immune system is. Blood components changes, naus...

 NOISE POLLUTION Sound Sound is a vibration that propagates as a mechanical wave of pressure and displacement, through some medium (i.e. air or water). Sound refers to only those vibrations with frequencies that are within the range of hearing for humans.  Noise Noise is basically any unwanted sound. It is measured in dB units. What is Noise Pollution ?? Any unwanted sound that penetrates the environment is noise pollution. In general noise pollution refers to any noise irritating to one’s ear which comes from an external source.   Kinds of Noise Continuous Variable or Intermittent Impulse or Impact Kind of noise which affect analysis Chemical Noise Instrumental Noise Sources of Noise Pollution Household Sources Social Event Commercial and Industrial Activities Transportation  Household Sources  Food Mixer  Grinder  Vacuum Cleaner Washing Machine  Air conditioner TV Loud Speaker Neighbor’s Barking Dog Social Events Places of Worship Dis...

 LAND POLLUTION What is land pollution ???  Land pollution, in other words, is nothing but degradation, damage to the surface of the earth and its soil because of human activities.  The increase in a number of cities and towns due to enhancement in a population are also the reasons for land pollution.  A land gets polluted even due to lack of green cover on land which results in soil erosion. Causes of Land Pollution: Deforestation and soil erosion Mining activities Agricultural activities Construction activities Industrialization Nuclear waste Sewage treatment Deforestation and soil erosion           Deforestation which makes dry land is one of the major reasons of land pollution. In this, we need to observe that once a land becomes dry or barren then it cannot be regained i.e. it will be very difficult to regain its fertility. Mining activities           At the time of mining activities and extraction ac...